Main Ref. | Compagno, L.J.V., 1984 |
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Remarks | Viviparous. Fish is main food source but occasionally eats cephalopods and pelagic crustaceans (Ref. 127989). Often found over deepwater reefs and near insular slopes. When approached by divers, individuals have been seen to perform a 'hunch display', with back arched, head raised and caudal fin lowered, possibly as a defensive threat display. Associated with schools of tuna, causing damage to nets and catches. Referred to as the `net-eater shark' in the tropical eastern Pacific. Also in Ref. 9137. |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Compagno, L.J.V., 1984 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Compagno, L.J.V., 1984 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 4.51 | 4.52 | 0.65 | Troph of adults from 1 study. | |
From individual food items | 4.46 | 0.88 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Bowman, R.E., C.E. Stillwell, W.L. Michaels and M.D. Grosslein, 2000 |