Main Ref. | Tortonese, E., 1986 |
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Remarks | Occur in the continental slope (Ref. 7300, 75154). Pelagic juveniles are caught at 130-145 m and 350-425 m. Feed on small fishes and planktonic invertebrates, mainly crustacean larvae (Ref. 4738, 58748). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Tortonese, E., 1986 |
Feeding habit | selective plankton feeding |
Feeding habit Ref. | Macpherson, E., 1989 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.21 | 0.31 | |||
From individual food items | 3.42 | 0.47 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Meyer, M. and M.J. Smale, 1991 |