Ecology of Upeneus tragula
 
Main Ref. Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984
Remarks Dwells in sandy substrates close to coral reefs. Solitary but sometimes forms small shoals. Feeds on small crustaceans and benthic invertebrates (Ref. 9773). Known to enter lower reaches of rivers. Forms small to moderately large aggregations at all sizes (Ref. 48636). Present in seagrass beds at juvenile stage.

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

Marine - Neritic Marine - Oceanic Brackishwater Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Upeneus tragula may be found.

Habitat

Substrate Benthic; Soft Bottom: sand; mud;
Substrate Ref. Broad, G., 2003
Special habitats Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs;
Special habitats Ref. Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006

Associations

Ref. Al-Abdessalaam, T.Z.S., 1995
Associations solitary; shoaling;
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref. Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984
Feeding habit hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref. Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984
Trophic Level(s)
Estimation method Original sample Unfished population Remark
Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition 3.59 3.47 0.48 Troph of adults from 1 study.
From individual food items 4.22 0.28 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref. Kulbicki, M., Y.-M. Bozec, P. Labrosse, Y. Letourneur, G. Mou-Tham and L. Wantiez, 2005
(e.g. 346)
(e.g. oophagy)
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