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Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Urotrygonidae (American round stingrays)
Etymology: Urobatis: Greek,oura = tail + Greek, batis, batidos = a ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Garman.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 1 - 30 m (Ref. 96339). Subtropical

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Central Pacific: southern Baja California, Mexico and the Gulf of California.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 42.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9265); common length : 30.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9265)

Found on shallow sand and mud bottoms, in sea grass beds, near rocky reefs, and in bays (Ref. 12951). Feeds on worms and amphipods during the day (Ref. 12951). Minimum depth from Ref. 58018.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Ovoviviparous.

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

McEachran, J.D., 1995. Urolophidae. Rayas redondas. p. 786-792. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9265)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 08 February 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Venomous (Ref. 9265)

Human uses

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

More information

Trophic ecology
Food items
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
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Predators

Ecology
Ecology

Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances

Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturities
Fecundities
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Egg(s)
Egg developments
Larvae
Larval dynamics

Distribution
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Anatomy
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Brains
Otoliths

Physiology
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Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
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Diseases / Parasites
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Genetics
Genetics
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Stamps, coins, misc.

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Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 22.3 - 26.9, mean 24 °C (based on 101 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02089 (0.00997 - 0.04380), b=3.09 (2.90 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.2 ±0.42 se; based on food items.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Assuming fecundity<100).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).

Urobatis maculatus Garman, 1913