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Teleostei (teleosts) > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Citharidae (Citharids)
Etymology: Citharoides: Latin, cithara = lire like instrument + Greek, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Hubbs.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 121 - 271 m (Ref. 11790). Tropical

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Western Pacific: Philippines, Japan (Sagami Bay and Kasumi) and the Korean Peninsula.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 29.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9797)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 64 - 68; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 44 - 48; Vertebrae: 32. Eyes on left side of body. Conspicuous spot at bases of last rays of dorsal and anal fins. Caudal fin rounded (Ref. 559).

Rare. Minimum depth at 121 m and feeds on bottom-living animals (Ref. 9797).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Amaoka, Kunio | Collaborators

Hensley, D.A., 2001. Citharidae. Largescale flounders. p. 3794-3798. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9797)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 16 December 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: of no interest

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

More information

Trophic ecology
Food items
Diet composition
Food consumption
Food rations
Predators

Ecology
Ecology

Population dynamics
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance

Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturity
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
Spawning
Spawning aggregations
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics

Distribution
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Anatomy
Gill area
Brain
Otolith

Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)

Genetics
Genetics
Heterozygosity
Heritability

Human related
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Aquaculture profiles
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Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.

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Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 6.7 - 22.7, mean 17.4 °C (based on 123 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.6406 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00359 - 0.02015), b=3.06 (2.85 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (19 of 100).

Citharoides macrolepidotus Hubbs, 1915