分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Sarda: Latin and Greek, sarda = sardine; name related to the island of Sardinia (Ref. 45335); chiliensis: Named after Chile, South America (Ref. 6885).
More on author: Cuvier.
Issue
Issue on validity of subspecies: subspecies considered as valid in FB, elevated to species rank as Sarda chiliensis (Cuvier, 1832) in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. May 2011: Ref. 86870).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 100 m. 亞熱帶的; 60°N - 37°S, 149°W - 70°W (Ref. 168)
Southeast Pacific: northern Peru to Talcahuano, Chile (Ref. 9340). The northern subspecies Sarda chiliensis lineolata occurs from off the coast of Alaska, southward to Cabo San Lucas at the tip of Baja California, and in the Revillagigedo Islands.
東南太平洋: 對智利的塔爾卡瓦諾的祕魯北部.(參考文獻 9340) 北方的亞種 Sarda chiliensis lineolata 生存於外海的阿拉斯加州的海岸, 在下加利福尼亞的頂端向南至 Cabo 桑河盧卡斯, 與在雷維拉吉哥多島中。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 47.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 102 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9015); 最大体重: 11.3 kg (Ref. 168)
背棘 (总数) : 17 - 19; 臀鳍软条: 12 - 15; 脊椎骨: 42 - 46. Mouth moderately large. Laminae of olfactory rosette 21 to 39. Interpelvic process small and bifid. Swim bladder absent. Spleen large and prominent in ventral view. Liver with elongate left and right lobes and a short middle lobe. Body completely covered with very small scales posterior to the corselet.
嘴普通大的。 嗅觉毛簇的叶片 21 到 39. 腹鳍间的突起小而两裂的。 泳鳔不存在。 脾脏大而突出的由腹面观之。 肝脏有细长的左边与右边的叶与一个短的中央叶。 身体完全地覆盖着了最小鳞片在甲胄后面。
A coastal species that reaches sexual maturity at two years of age (Ref. 9340). Older individuals are encountered farther from the coast as compared to the juveniles (Ref. 9340). Spawning is discontinuous and a female of 3 kg may produce millions of eggs per season (Ref. 9340). Forms schools by size. Feeds on a variety of small schooling fishes, squids and shrimps. This species is important to the recreational hook and line fishery operating from private and party boats, piers and jetties, and from the shore. Also caught with encircling nets (Ref. 9340). Utilized fresh, canned and frozen; eaten broiled and baked (Ref. 9988).
一个在二岁达成性成熟的沿岸鱼种.(参考文献 9340) 年纪较大的个体被距离海岸更远的见到相较于稚鱼.(参考文献 9340) 产卵是不连续的，而且 3 公斤的一条母鱼可能生产数以百万计一季节卵。 (参考文献 9340) 依大小形成鱼群。 吃多种小的群游性鱼，乌贼与虾。 这种是重要的到娱乐的一支钓渔场从私人与团体的船，码头与突堤 , 与距离岸边操作。 也用围网捕获。 (参考文献 9340) 生鲜使用, 罐装及冷冻; 吃火烤与烧烤的.(参考文献 9988)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
東南太平洋: 對智利的塔爾卡瓦諾的祕魯北部.(參考文獻 9340) 北方的亞種 Sarda chiliensis lineolata 生存於外海的阿拉斯加州的海岸, 在下加利福尼亞的頂端向南至 Cabo 桑河盧卡斯, 與在雷維拉吉哥多島中。
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.6 - 23.1, mean 18.5 °C (based on 30 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00838 - 0.01089), b=3.06 (3.02 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 7.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.15; tm=2).
Prior r = 0.51, 95% CL = 0.33 - 0.76, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (71 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 43 [25, 69] mg/100g; Iron = 2.8 [1.6, 4.8] mg/100g; Protein = 20.9 [19.8, 22.0] %; Omega3 = 0.363 [0.167, 0.758] g/100g; Selenium = 30.3 [17.5, 50.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.1 [4.4, 36.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.427 [0.325, 0.634] mg/100g (wet weight);
