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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Lutjanus: Malay, ikan lutjan, name of a fish.
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 90 - 242 m, usually 90 - 140 m (Ref. 55). Subtropical; 41°N - 30°S, 99°W - 32°W (Ref. 55)
Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA and Bermuda to São Paulo, Brazil (Ref. 57756). Most abundant around the Antilles and the Bahamas.
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm 41.6, range 24 - 26 cm
Max length : 83.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 40637); common length : 45.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 55); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 8.3 kg (Ref. 4699)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 10 - 11; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 13 - 14; شوكة شرجية: 3; أشعه شرجية لينه: 7 - 8. Preopercular notch and knob weak. Pectoral fins long reaching level of anus. Scale rows on back rising obliquely above lateral line. Back and upper sides pink to red, grading to pink with a silvery sheen ventrally; sides with very fine undulating yellow lines; the fins mostly reddish or pale yellow. Young specimens (under about 25 cm) with a blackish spot on upper side below anterior dorsal soft rays.
Adults are common near the edge of the continental and island shelves; also found in deeper waters (below 200 m); usually ascending to shallow water at night. They feed mainly on fishes, shrimps, crabs, gastropods, cephalopods, tunicates and some pelagic items including urochordates. Marketed fresh. Said to be a good food fish (Ref. 5521).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Spawning occurs over most of the year in lower latitudes, but is seasonal (spring and summer) toward the northern and southern limits of the distribution.
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
خطر للأنسان
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 55)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري; لعبة سمكه: نعم
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 17.3 - 25.2, mean 21.2 °C (based on 73 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.01303 - 0.01679), b=2.97 (2.95 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 11.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (K=0.09-0.32; tm=5).
Prior r = 0.28, 95% CL = 0.19 - 0.43, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 14 [7, 23] mg/100g; Iron = 0.283 [0.165, 0.486] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.2, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.178 [0.106, 0.300] g/100g; Selenium = 43.5 [22.3, 82.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 65.2 [11.3, 329.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.326 [0.234, 0.494] mg/100g (wet weight);
