Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; مياه مخلوطة مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 10 - 200 m (Ref. 9563), usually 18 - 57 m (Ref. 47377). Tropical; 44°N - 39°S
Western Atlantic: southeastern Florida, USA to Central America according to Ref. 7251, Massachusetts to southern Brazil (Ref. 47377). Also found in Argentina (Ref. 86323). Eastern Atlantic: Galicia, Spain (Ref. 74931), Cape Blanc and Cape Verde to Angola (Ref. 6557). Reported from Walvis Bay, Namibia (Ref. 4272). Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to the Hawaiian and Tuamoto islands, north to southern Japan and the Ogasawara Islands, south to Victoria, Australia (Ref. 33390). This name has often wrongly been used for the more common Fistularia commersonii (Ref. 2334). Mediterranean: Cadiz, Spain (southern Iberian Peninsula) (Ref. 34227).
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 200 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 26999); common length : 180 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 47377); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 4.7 kg (Ref. 4883)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 0; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 13 - 15; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 14 - 15. With a row of bony plates along the midline (absent in F. commersoni); reddish or brownish-orange in color (whereas F. commersoni is greenish-brown).
Found in the sublittoral zone (Ref. 11230); inhabits coastal areas over soft bottoms, usually at depths greater than 10 m (Ref. 30573). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Feeds on small fishes and shrimps (Ref. 3401). Maximum length reported is 200 cm TL (Ref. 26999), however, no specimen over 100 cm is known to J.E. Randall (Ref. 11441).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Fritzsche, R.A., 1990. Fistulariidae. p. 654-655. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 6557)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: مصائد تستهلك محلينا
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.3 - 29, mean 27.5 °C (based on 2574 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00046 (0.00027 - 0.00077), b=3.05 (2.90 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 27.8 [13.8, 54.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.659 [0.360, 1.241] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [18, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.112 [0.055, 0.241] g/100g; Selenium = 103 [49, 218] μg/100g; VitaminA = 19.3 [5.8, 63.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.747 [0.487, 1.175] mg/100g (wet weight);
