分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Pteroscion: Greek, pteron, pteryx = fin + Greek, skion, skiaina = barbel, red mullet (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Hendrik Severinus Pel (1818–1876) was the Dutch Governor of the Gold Coast (Ghana) (ca: 1840–1850). [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 底中水層性; 深度上下限 0 - 200 m (Ref. 3593), usually 0 - 50 m (Ref. 3593). 熱帶; 46°N - 9°S, 19°W - 15°E (Ref. 56869)
Eastern Atlantic: Senegal to Namibia (Ref. 27121).
東大西洋: 塞內加爾到那米比亞.(參考文獻 27121)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 14.4 range ? - 16 cm
Max length : 32.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3593); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3593)
Found in mid-water, over mud and sand bottoms in coastal waters. One of the most abundant sciaenids in shallower waters (Ref. 3593). Feeds on fish, cephalopods, shrimps, and annelids (Ref. 28587).
發現於中層水域了, 在泥與沙底部之上在沿岸水域中。 在淺水區中的最豐富石首魚科魚類之一.(參考文獻 3593) 吃魚，頭足類動物，蝦與環節動物。 (參考文獻 28587)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
東大西洋: 塞內加爾到那米比亞.(參考文獻 27121)
Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990. Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 24 January 2020
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
工具
特別的報告
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 20 - 28, mean 26.5 °C (based on 186 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00891 (0.00555 - 0.01432), b=3.08 (2.95 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.709; assuming tm>1 based on growth curve).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (22 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 120 [68, 222] mg/100g; Iron = 0.923 [0.466, 1.662] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.3, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.276 [0.129, 0.504] g/100g; Selenium = 72.1 [37.0, 142.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 26 [10, 80] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.48 [1.03, 2.17] mg/100g (wet weight);
