Issue
Matsuura (2003: Ref. 53032) places this species in the genus Rhinesomus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien rifbewoner; diepte 3 - 50 m (Ref. 11227). Subtropical; 32°N - 35°S, 99°W - 14°W
Western Atlantic: Florida (USA), Bahamas, and southern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Ascension Island (Ref. 3696).
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 48.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 7251); common length : 20.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 5217)
Whitish with numerous small black spots on carapace, caudal peduncle and caudal fin; lips whitish; bases of dorsal, anal and pectoral fins blackish; large adults with black spots missing from three small areas in a diagonal row anteriorly on body at level of eye, appearing as three white spots (Ref. 13442).
Found in clear water around coral reefs. Sometimes under ledges and near small holes (Ref. 9710). Feeds on a variety of small bottom invertebrates such as mollusks, crustaceans, starfishes, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, sessile tunicates, sea grasses (Ref. 3696), algae, crabs and brittle stars (Ref. 13442). Toxins released when excited kills other fishes (Ref. 5521). Probably marketed fresh locally (Ref. 3696).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Gevaar voor de mens
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30911)
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: commercieel; Aquarium: Commercieel
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Internetbronnen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.4 - 28, mean 27.3 °C (based on 200 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03548 (0.01723 - 0.07305), b=2.81 (2.62 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Hoog, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd minder dan 15 maanden (Fec assumed to be > 10,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 23.4 [9.0, 73.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.605 [0.299, 1.439] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [17, 21] %; Omega3 = 0.158 [0.081, 0.301] g/100g; Selenium = 20.2 [8.6, 44.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 22.2 [5.5, 97.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.693 [0.441, 1.110] mg/100g (wet weight);
