Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
বাস্তুসংস্থান
সামুদ্রিক রীফ সংশ্লিষ্ট; গভীরতার পরিসীমা 1 - 130 m (Ref. 37816), usually 1 - 20 m (Ref. 90102). Tropical; 32°N - 23°S
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea to the Marquesan and Mangaréva islands, north to southern Japan, south to New Zealand (Ref. 5755).
আকৃতি / ওজন / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 9710)
পৃষ্ঠীয় কাঁটা (মোট ) : 7; পৃষ্ঠীয় নরম পাখনা দন্ড (মোট ) : 13 - 14; পায়ূ কাঁটা : 2; পায়ূর নরম পাখনা্তুন্ড: 9. Body dark brown with yellow stripes; small juveniles with spots, specimens up to 5 cm SL with 3 stripes, specimens at least 8 cm SL with 6 stripes, the number of stripes increases and may break into a series of dashes in large adults (Ref. 4326).
Inhabits coastal waters over corals and rocky substrates (Ref. 5213, 48635). Usually hides beneath ledges and small caves during the day (Ref. 4326, 48635). Small juveniles have only two white stripes, dividing with growth into numerous lines. The lines break-up into dashes and spots when adult (Ref. 48635). Feeds on fishes (Ref. 4821). Has toxin-producing glands in the dermis (Ref. 4326) which is extremely bitter to the taste (Ref. 11441). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 30874.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | প্রজনন | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | শুককীট
Randall, J.E., 1986. Grammistidae. p. 537-538. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4326)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 31637)
Human uses
মৎস্য: গৌণ বাণিজ্যিক ; মৎস্যাধার / এ্যাকুয়ারিয়াম : বাণিজ্যিক
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ইন্টারনেট সুত্র
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.2 - 29, mean 27.9 °C (based on 1014 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.00451 - 0.02922), b=3.06 (2.84 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
ট্রফিক পর্যায়ে (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.66 se; based on food items.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 45.4 [26.7, 86.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.546 [0.292, 0.901] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.7, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.176 [0.116, 0.268] g/100g; Selenium = 35.6 [20.9, 61.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 114 [40, 361] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.1 [0.8, 1.6] mg/100g (wet weight);
