分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; oceano-estuarine (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 475 m (Ref. 6793). 亞熱帶的; 61°N - 31°N, 172°W - 116°W
Northeast Pacific: Shumagin Islands in the western Gulf of Alaska to Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. Possibly occurring in the Bering Sea (Ref. 6793).
東北太平洋: 在西方的阿拉斯加灣到 Ensenada ，墨西哥的下加利福尼亞中的 Shumagin 島。 可能出現在白令海。 (參考文獻 6793)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 70.5, range 61 - 76 cm
Max length : 152 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2850); 最大体重: 59.1 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年龄: 25 年 (Ref. 55701)
背棘 (总数) : 24 - 27; 背的软条 (总数) : 21 - 24; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 21 - 24; 脊椎骨: 55 - 59. Anal spines of adults buried in flesh, third spine closely applied to first ray (Ref. 6885). Head without scales; fleshy cirrus above each eye; large mouth; maxilla reaching almost to vertical from posterior margin of eye. Jaws with small pointed teeth interspersed with large fanglike teeth (Ref. 48751).
成鱼的臀棘埋藏在肉，第三根棘之中了接近地适用于第一个鳍条。 (参考文献 6885) 头部没有鳞片; 肉质的卷须在每个眼睛上方; 大的嘴; 颚骨几乎到垂直的从眼的后缘。 颌部有点缀着大的犬齿状的齿小的尖齿。 (参考文献 48751)
Ranges from the intertidal to 475 m depth (Ref. 6793). Adults are found near rocks, inshore and to 427 m (Ref. 2850). Young occur on sand or mud bottom of bays and inshore areas (Ref. 2850). Both migratory and non-migratory populations exist (Ref. 6885). Adults feed mostly on other fishes but also take crustaceans, octopi and squid (Ref. 4925). Young feed on copepods and other small crustaceans (Ref. 6885). A very important sport and commercial species (Ref. 2850). The liver is rich in vitamin A (Ref. 6885). Marketed fresh and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Has sharp teeth and gill rakers that can cut fingers if handled.
分布自潮间带到 475 公尺深。 (参考文献 6793) 成鱼在岩石的附近被发现, 沿海地区与对 427 公尺.(参考文献 2850) 幼鱼生存在海湾与沿海地区区域的沙或泥底部上面。 (参考文献 2850) 回游与非回游性的族群存在。 (参考文献 6885) 成鱼大部分吃其他的鱼但也吃甲壳动物，章鱼与乌贼.(参考文献 4925) 幼鱼捕食桡脚类的动物与其他的小型甲壳动物。 (参考文献 6885) 一项非常重要的运动与经济鱼种.(参考文献 2850) 肝脏是丰富的在维他命一.(参考文献 6885) 在市场上销售生鲜和冷冻; 清蒸,油炸,火烤, 煮沸, 微波了而且烧烤了.(参考文献 9988) 是否触摸，有锐利的齿与能减少手指的鳃耙。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Eggs are deposited in crevices or under rocks (Ref. 6885). Male guards the eggs until they hatch.東北太平洋: 在西方的阿拉斯加灣到 Ensenada ，墨西哥的下加利福尼亞中的 Shumagin 島。 可能出現在白令海。 (參考文獻 6793)
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 4.5 - 8.6, mean 5.9 °C (based on 184 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0002 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=4; tmax=25;).
Prior r = 0.36, 95% CL = 0.24 - 0.53, Based on 2 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (56 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 25.5 [9.8, 54.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.351 [0.157, 0.792] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [16.1, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.589 [0.263, 1.706] g/100g; Selenium = 28.4 [14.8, 68.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.37 [2.88, 31.89] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.289 [0.192, 0.446] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
