分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes)
鰈形目 (Flatfishes) >
Cynoglossidae (Tonguefishes)
舌鰨科 (Tonguefishes) > Cynoglossinae
Etymology: Paraplagusia: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, plagos, plagios = oblique.
More on author: Bloch.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 深度上下限 1 - 25 m (Ref. 30573). 熱帶; 33°N - 32°S, 30°E - 154°E
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and east coast of Africa to the Philippines, north to southern Japan, south to New Guinea and northeastern Australia.
印度-太平洋: 紅海與非洲東岸南至德爾班 (南非) 向東至菲律賓, 北至日本南部, 南至新幾內亞與澳洲東北方。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 31.6 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 94837); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 30573)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 99 - 115; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 72 - 89; 脊椎骨: 50. Upper side tan, marbled with dark wavy lines enclosing pale patches; 2 lateral lines on eyed side, none on blind side (Ref. 4418). Caudal vertebrae 36-44; mid-lateral line scales 75-109 (Ref. 9224, 11691).
上側面黃褐色的, 有圍住灰白的區塊的黑的波浪狀的線的大理石花紋; 在有眼睛的一邊上的 2條側線, 沒有眼睛的一邊則缺如.(參考文獻 4418) 尾部的脊椎骨 36-44; 側面中央的線鱗片 75-109.(參考文獻 9224,11691)
Found on mud and sand bottoms of the continental shelf (Ref. 30573). Enters shallow estuarine waters (Ref. 4833) and tidal rivers (Ref. 1479).
棲息於大陸棚的泥與沙底部了。 (參考文獻 30573) 進入水淺的河口水域 (參考文獻 4833) 與有潮汐漲落的河川。 (參考文獻 1479)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-太平洋: 紅海與非洲東岸南至德爾班 (南非) 向東至菲律賓, 北至日本南部, 南至新幾內亞與澳洲東北方。
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 16 November 2020
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25 - 29.2, mean 28.5 °C (based on 2940 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00474 - 0.01837), b=3.03 (2.85 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (22 of 100).
