分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings)
鯡目 (Herrings) >
Engraulidae (Anchovies)
鯷科 (Anchovies) > Engraulinae
Etymology: Encrasicholina: Greek, egkrasicholos, -os, -on = mixed with spleen.
More on author: Fowler.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水; 深度上下限 0 - 50 m (Ref. 189). 熱帶; 25°N - 14°N, 165°W - 143°W (Ref. 189)
Eastern Central Pacific: endemic to Hawaii, but its use as a baitfish may spread its range.
中太平洋東部: 夏威夷的特有種, 但是它的使用作為一個，誘餌魚可能傳佈它的分佈範圍。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 7.5 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 189)
简单描述
检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数) : 0; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 13 - 15. Most specimens without pre-pelvic scutes, but some with 1 to 5 thin needle-like scutes. Maxilla tip blunt, reaching to front border of pre-operculum, but scarcely projecting beyond second supra-maxilla. Isthmus short, preceded by a small fleshy plate on urohyal between branchial membranes. Anal fin short, its origin behind base of last dorsal fin ray.
没有前腹鳍鳞甲的大多数的标本, 但是一些具有 1 到 5个细的针状鳞甲。 颚骨顶端钝的, 延伸到前鳃盖的前缘, 但是几乎不突出超过第二个上颚骨。 峡部短, 在鳃盖膜之间的尾舌骨上前面有一个小的肉质碟了。 臀鳍短, 它的起点在最后背鳍鳍条的基底后面。
Epipelagic (Ref. 58302). A schooling species living close inshore and entering bays, inlets, estuaries, canals and even penetrating into fish ponds, thus able to tolerate a wide range of salinities. Feeds mainly on planktonic crustacean larvae. Breeds throughout the year, with a peak in summer, spawning at night (between 2200 and 0200 hours) in bays and estuaries (Ref. 189).
一个群游性鱼种生活近岸与湾内，小水湾，河口, 管甚至进入鱼池塘之内, 如此能容忍宽范围的盐度。 主要吃浮游性甲壳类幼生。 全年繁殖, 在被在海湾与河口中产卵在晚上 (在 2200 与 0200 小时之间) 的夏天具有一个高峰。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Spawn in bays and estuaries in school (Ref. 205). Spawning is said to be continuous throughout the season (Ref. 32412, 40290).中太平洋東部: 夏威夷的特有種, 但是它的使用作為一個，誘餌魚可能傳佈它的分佈範圍。
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 诱饵: usually
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25 - 25.6, mean 25.3 °C (based on 32 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00529 - 0.01725), b=3.20 (3.04 - 3.36), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.30 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=1.7).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
