分類 / Names
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Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Trichiuridae (Cutlassfishes) > Aphanopodinae
Etymology: Aphanopus: Greek, aphanes = hidden + Greek, pous = foot (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Lowe.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態学
海 深海浮遊性; 海洋回遊性 (Ref. 108735); 深さの範囲 200 - 2300 m (Ref. 108733), usually 700 - 1300 m (Ref. 108735). Deep-water; 71°N - 23°S, 82°W - 17°E (Ref. 6181)
North Atlantic: on both sides and at underwater rises from Denmark Strait to Cape Verde.
Length at first maturity / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
Maturity: Lm 111.6 range ? - 117.5 cm
Max length : 151 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 108708); common length : 70.0 cm SL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 3698); 最大公表体重: 0.00 g
背面の脊椎 (合計) : 34 - 41; 背鰭 (合計) : 52 - 56; 肛門の骨: 2; 臀鰭: 43 - 48; 脊つい: 97 - 100. Body is extremely elongated, with body depth 10.8 to 13.4 times in SL. The snout is large with strong fang-like teeth. Pelvic fins represented by a single spine in juveniles but entirely absent in adults. Color is coppery black with iridescent tint. The inside of the mouth and gill cavities black.
Juveniles mesopelagic (Ref. 6181). Bathypelagic (Ref. 58426). Migrate to midwater at night and feed on crustaceans, cephalopods and fishes (mostly macrourids, morids and alepocephalids). Mature at 80 to 85 cm. Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6768). Data from study reveal mature individuals undertake horizontal migration to spawning and nursery grounds located off the Madeira and Canary islands (Ref. 108708). Commercial catch up to 1000 t was caught off Madeira with a specialized commercial deep water longline (Ref. 6255). Appear as bycatch in the trawl fishery west of the British Isles, along the Middle-Atlantic Ridge and at Corner Rise. Important and fabled food fish in Madeira (Ref. 4537). Some specimens reach 145 cm (Nuno Marques, Nomad@netmadeira.com, 12/09).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | 卵 | 生産力 | 幼生
Displays determinate fecundity (Ref. 108695). Mature individuals undertake horizontal migration to spawning and nursery grounds (Ref. 108708). Suspended pre-spawning stages occurred in some areas of the Northeast Atlantic caused by atresia in ovaries (Ref. 108708).
Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181)
IUCNのレッドリストの状況は (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Human uses
水産業: 高い商業の
用具
特記事項
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インターネットの情報源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1.1 - 12.6, mean 7.1 °C (based on 244 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00046 (0.00033 - 0.00063), b=3.15 (3.06 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
栄養段階 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.77 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低い, ４．５年～１４年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (K=0.11-0.25, tmax=14).
Prior r = 0.20, 95% CL = 0.13 - 0.30, Based on 3 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (64 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 11.6 [6.0, 18.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.192 [0.097, 0.400] mg/100g; Protein = 17.4 [16.1, 18.7] %; Omega3 = 0.161 [0.071, 0.370] g/100g; Selenium = 34.7 [15.7, 77.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.8 [1.6, 130.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.391 [0.267, 0.539] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
