Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
экология
морской; пресноводный; солоноватоводный донно-пелагический; амфидромный (Ref. 51243). Subtropical; 34°S - 53°S
Oceania: found in southeastern Australia in streams draining east and south from the Great Dividing Range; Flinders and King Islands in Bass Strait; widespread in Tasmania; also in New Zealand and the Chatham, Auckland and Campbell Islands.
Size / Вес / Возраст
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 28.0 cm SL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 44894); common length : 15.0 cm SL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 44894)
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Inhabits mainly clear streams, often deeply shaded and relatively fast-flowing, although it sometimes occurs in lakes, particularly in Tasmania. In New Zealand and parts of Tasmania, juveniles occur in marine waters, presumably the larvae are washed out to the sea. The existence of a marine stage is regarded to be facultative rather than obligatory in Australia. Swims near the bottom, usually around the cover of rocks and logs. More common in uploads (Snowy Mountains, Otway Ranges, central Tasmania) than at lower elevations (Ref. 44894).
Life cycle and mating behavior
половая зрелость | размножение | нерест | икра | Fecundity | личинки
Allen, G.R., 1989. Freshwater fishes of Australia. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 5259)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Угроза для людей
Harmless
Использование человеком
рыболовство: коммерческий; наживка: usually
дополнительная информация
инструменты
Специальные отчеты
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ресурсы в Интернет
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00490 (0.00206 - 0.01165), b=3.12 (2.91 - 3.33), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref.
120179): средний (среднего размера), минимальное время удвоения популяции 1.4-4.4 года (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (24 of 100).
