হলোসেফালি (কাইমেরা) (chimaeras) >
Chimaeriformes (Chimaeras) >
Chimaeridae (Shortnose chimaeras or ratfishes)
Etymology: Chimaera: Named for the mythological creature composed of parts of multiple animals, referring to their odd mix of characteristics (See ETYFish); monstrosa: Latin for strange or grotesque, referring to its strange appearance, as if composed of parts of multiple animals (See ETYFish).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
বাস্তুসংস্থান
সামুদ্রিক ব্যথিডিমারসাল সমুদ্র তলদেশবিহারী; মহাসাগরে বিচরনক্ষম (Ref. 51243); গভীরতার পরিসীমা 40 - 1400 m (Ref. 104125), usually 300 - 500 m (Ref. 4443). Deep-water; 75°N - 27°N, 32°W - 35°E
Eastern Atlantic: northern Norway and Iceland, Skagerrak and Kattegat south to Morocco including western Mediterranean (some isolated records from eastern part), Azores and Madeira Islands. Records from South Africa are questionable. Reported from Oshima, Japan (FMNH 89161) (Ref. 27954).
Length at first maturity / আকৃতি / ওজন / Age
Maturity: Lm 45.9 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 150 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 35388); সবের্াচ্চ প্রকাশিত ওজন : 2.5 kg (Ref. 4645)
Bathydemersal to benthopelagic generally between 300 and 500 m depth. Found in the upper continental slope. Usually found in deeper waters in southern latitudes, while making a summer inshore migration up to 40-100 m in the northern areas. Sluggish, usually occurring in small groups. Feeds mainly on bottom-living invertebrates. The single dorsal spine is sharp and pointed, and although only mildly venomous can inflict a painful wound. Oviparous. Males have a clasper on the forehead that is probably used to hold on to the female during copulation. Egg capsules are about 17 cm long; young look alike adults and hatch when 10 cm long. Common by-catch when trawling for shrimps in the North Sea or Skaggerak.
Life cycle and mating behavior
পরিপক্কতা | প্রজনন | ডিম ছাড়া | ডিমসমূহ | ডিম্বধারন ক্ষমতা | শুককীট
Oviparous; egg-capsules slender, club-shaped with narrow lateral membranes and a horny filament at the long pointed end, 17 cm long and 3 cm wide; deposited mainly in spring and summer. The embryos developing in about 9-12 months and hatch at 10 cm length.
Krefft, G., 1990. Chimaeridae. p. 111-113. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4443)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Threat to humans
Traumatogenic (Ref. 4690)
Human uses
মৎস্য: গৌণ বাণিজ্যিক
হাতিয়ার
Special reports
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ইন্টারনেট সুত্র
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 3.7 - 14.1, mean 7.9 °C (based on 179 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00257 (0.00156 - 0.00424), b=3.01 (2.87 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
ট্রফিক পর্যায়ে (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 16.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
স্থিতিস্থাপক (Ref.
120179): নিম্ন/ , সর্বনিম্ন প্রজন দ্বিগুনের সময় ৪.৪-১৪ বৎসর (Assuming Fec <100;).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (68 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 7.33 [2.04, 25.54] mg/100g; Iron = 0.33 [0.11, 0.85] mg/100g; Protein = 14.7 [9.9, 18.5] %; Omega3 = 0.239 [0.093, 0.622] g/100g; Selenium = 22 [6, 73] μg/100g; VitaminA = 5.79 [1.22, 27.56] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.326 [0.169, 0.636] mg/100g (wet weight);
