Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري القاع; نطاق العمق ? - 46 m (Ref. 2850). Temperate; 66°N - 32°N
Eastern Pacific: Amchitka Island, in the Aleutian chain (Ref. 27436) to La Jolla, southern California, USA.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 61.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 27436); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 2.1 kg (Ref. 27436); العمر: 18 سنين (Ref. 55701)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 21 - 22; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 24; شوكة شرجية: 1; أشعه شرجية لينه: 23 - 24. Caudal broadly rounded or truncate.
Occurs in rocky inshore areas, common on kelp beds, also on sand bottoms (Ref. 2850). Feeds on crustaceans, polychaete worms, brittle stars, mollusks, and small fishes (Ref. 28499). Young are food of steelheads and salmon (Ref. 6885). Frequently caught by shore and skiff fishers and speared by divers (Ref. 2850).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: غير مهمة تجارياً; لعبة سمكه: نعم; حوض مائي: احواض مائية عامة
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 4.1 - 13, mean 8.6 °C (based on 128 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5159 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00363 - 0.01908), b=3.12 (2.92 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.55 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (tm=3-5; tmax=18).
Prior r = 0.23, 95% CL = 0.15 - 0.35, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 42.4 [17.8, 81.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.392 [0.181, 0.862] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.4, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.782 [0.349, 2.160] g/100g; Selenium = 12.8 [6.9, 31.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.9 [3.7, 34.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.52 [0.36, 0.78] mg/100g (wet weight);
