Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut dasar (demersal); kisaran kedalaman 18 - 950 m (Ref. 50610). Polar; 67°N - 35°N, 162°E - 122°W (Ref. 57234)
North Pacific: Bering Sea coasts of Russia and Alaska to San Simeon, California, USA. The San Pedro, California, USA record for this species in Miller and Lea 1972 (Ref. 6792) is based on a misidentification of Eopsetta exilis.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm 37.9 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 84.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 2850); common length : 50.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 56527); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 8.6 kg (Ref. 56527); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 23 Tahun (Ref. 55701)
deskripsi pendek
Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 92 - 109; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 72 - 90; vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 47 - 49. Dorsal origin over middle of upper eye. Caudal slightly lunate. Pectorals small.
Adults are found on soft bottoms (Ref. 2850). Feed on crustaceans and fishes (Ref. 6885). Not marketed as human food (Ref. 2850).
Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: bernilai komersial tinggi; Ikan buruan: ya
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 2.2 - 6.5, mean 4.6 °C (based on 172 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00610 - 0.01188), b=3.01 (2.91 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (tmax=23; K=.06-0.09; tm=5-7; Fec=250,000).
Prior r = 0.19, 95% CL = 0.12 - 0.28, Based on 7 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (45 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 16.9 [6.7, 30.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.31 [0.12, 0.66] mg/100g; Protein = 16.5 [15.1, 17.9] %; Omega3 = 0.196 [0.091, 0.414] g/100g; Selenium = 22.5 [9.2, 55.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.89 [1.80, 56.48] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.252 [0.158, 0.394] mg/100g (wet weight);
