分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) >
Lamniformes (Mackerel sharks) >
Lamnidae (Mackerel sharks or white shark)
Etymology: Isurus: isos (Gr.), equal; oura (Gr.), tail, referring to caudal-fin lobes of I. oxyrinchus being equal in length (except that they are not; the upper is clearly longer) (See ETYFish); paucus: Latin for scarce, referring to its relative rarity compared with I. oxyrinchus (See ETYFish).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 1752 m (Ref. 106604). 亞熱帶的; 46°N - 38°S, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 43278)
Western Atlantic: Gulf Stream and Florida, USA; also Cuba. Reported from southern Brazil (Ref. 13574). Eastern Atlantic: Guinea, Ghana. Western Indian Ocean: Madagascar. Pacific Ocean: Taiwan, near Phoenix Island, and north of Hawaii (Ref. 13574).
西大西洋: 墨西哥灣流與美國的佛羅里達; 也古巴。 記錄來自巴西南部了。 (參考文獻 13574) 東大西洋: 幾內亞，迦納。 西印度洋: 馬達加斯加。 太平洋: 台灣, 在鳳凰島的附近, 與夏威夷北方.(參考文獻 13574)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 216.5, range 205 - 228 cm
Max length : 427 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 106604); 417.0 cm TL (female); common length : 200 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 臀棘: 0. Pectoral fins about as long as head or longer, relatively broad-tipped in young and adults; snout usually narrowly to bluntly pointed, usually not acute; cusps of upper and lower anterior teeth straighter, with tips not reversed (Ref. 43278). Caudal fin lunate, with a very long lower lobe (Ref. 13574). Dark blue above, white below, with dusky markings on underside of snout, around mouth (Ref. 6581).
胸鳍大约与头部一样长或比较长的, 顶端相当宽当幼鱼与成鱼时; 吻通常狭窄地到顿尖的, 通常不是尖锐; 上、下前齿的尖头比较直的, 藉由不被颠倒的顶端.(参考文献 43278) 尾鳍新月状的, 具有一个非常长的下叶.(参考文献 13574) 背面深蓝色的，腹面白色的, 在吻部下面上有暗淡的斑纹, 嘴的周围.(参考文献 6581)
Oceanic species that probably approaches land to give birth (Ref. 13574, 58302). Epipelagic (Ref. 58302). Presumably feeds on schooling fishes and pelagic cephalopods (Ref. 247). Ovoviviparous, embryos feeding on yolk sac and other ova produced by the mother (Ref. 50449). With 2 pups in a litter (Ref. 247). Potentially dangerous because of its large size and big teeth (Ref. 13574). Utilized fresh, frozen, and dried or salted for human consumption (Ref. 247); meat (lower quality), fins (high value in adults), jaws (highly prized), skin and cartilage (Ref.58048).
可能接近土地生产的大洋性鱼种.(参考文献 13574) 推测为捕食群游性鱼与大洋性的头足类动物。 (参考文献 247) 卵胎生的, 胚胎吃产生于母亲的卵黄囊与其他的卵.(参考文献 50449) 有两个幼胎一胎。 (参考文献 247) 可能危险由于它的巨大的体型与大的齿.(参考文献 13574) 生鲜使用，冷冻与干燥或盐腌供人类消费.(参考文献 247)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding on other ova produced by the mother (oophagy) after the yolk sac is absorbed (Ref. 50449). With litters of 2-8 pups (Ref. 247, Ref.58048). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Born at 97-120 cm TL (Ref.58048).西大西洋: 墨西哥灣流與美國的佛羅里達; 也古巴。 記錄來自巴西南部了。 (參考文獻 13574) 東大西洋: 幾內亞，迦納。 西印度洋: 馬達加斯加。 太平洋: 台灣, 在鳳凰島的附近, 與夏威夷北方.(參考文獻 13574)
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
濒危 (EN) (A2d); Date assessed: 05 November 2018
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 8.9 - 26.1, mean 18 °C (based on 1232 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7813 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00409 - 0.02131), b=3.04 (2.85 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (Fec=2).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (63 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 6.65 [1.91, 34.35] mg/100g; Iron = 0.692 [0.170, 2.038] mg/100g; Protein = 20.6 [18.2, 22.8] %; Omega3 = 0.407 [0.162, 0.985] g/100g; Selenium = 41.2 [12.8, 118.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.83 [2.21, 22.76] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.328 [0.165, 0.612] mg/100g (wet weight);
